"Is there life on Mars?"

Note:

This is actually not related to anything I was doing lately in particular; it is nothing more but an essay which I recently wrote as my submission in an essay competition aimed at answering the following question, "What are the prospects of finding life on other planets?" The essay had to be limited to (just!) 800 words and the final submission was actually a curtailed version of the following write-up. I doubt that I will win since I am not that good in these kind of scientific discussions but I did my best...so there you go!

“Is there life on Mars?” was the question put forward by David Bowie in his 1971 surreal song with (almost) the same title. Such a question coming from Bowie might not have been much of a surprise since his obsession with space has been evident in many ways throughout his career: his Ziggy Stardust personification of a rock star sporting make-up and costumes which made him seem to have come from an alien planet and the more obvious Space oddity album, to name a few. The relative light heartedness of Bowie’s fixation on extraterrestrial life is the subject matter of many members of the scientific community who have been allocating endless efforts in an attempt to find an answer to the query.

Indeed, the quest for life on other planets other than Earth has not been limited to the slightly eccentric people like glam rock idols in the like of Bowie; extraterrestrial life has fascinated people from all walks of life and on all levels imaginable. Consider international politics, for example. The Americans have a long-lasting link with the quest for life on other planets or even visits of vehicles and species from such planets to Earth. The infamous Roswell incident, the consistent secrecy associated with the Area 51 military base and annual multi-billion dollar NASA budgets suggest that an interest in the mission for finding extraterrestrial life is up and running in the States. In literature, John Gray’s relationship manual Men are from Mars, women are from Venus of 1992 has become a modern classic, where the two genders comprising the human race are associated with two planets within our solar system – an extension of a concept explored by the classical Romans, who associated Venus with beauty and Mars with war. In more recent times, the movie industry has also sought to create a portrayal of how the relationship between Earthlings and alien residents of the celestial body Pandora in the blockbuster Avatar, although, understandably, in that movie the real aliens are actually us humans!

However, the hope of finding life beyond Earth has more serious effects than American conspiracy theories about UFO landings or James Cameron’s capabilities in creating special effects. The foremost preamble which comes to mind is, “What is life?” and hence be able to postulate on whether life can be found on other planets. Indeed, Professor Robert Hazen of the George Mason University of Virginia wrote, “I think the chances are good we won’t know alien life when we see it” and this is possibly the most fundamental question one has to ask and fulfil a prerequisite for identifying life beyond Earth. The very notion of life cannot be limited to the concept of an intelligent life form which is known as homo sapiens and which, debatably, commences at the moment of conception and ceases at a point when, again even more arguably, when oxygen fails to reach the brain. Even in the much wider picture, life cannot be limited to anything built from a basic unit – the cell – which is based on some chemical combination to form DNA. It is true that whatever substances defining this molecule decompose at extreme elevated or freezing temperatures and thus unlikely to survive outside of Earth, but what if there is another life building block which is not DNA and can survive otherwise hostile conditions too close or too far away from our Sun or any other solar system in the universe?

Beyond all the biological and scientific theories involved in this investigation, there is another realm which is even beyond the microscopically visible: the metaphysics. Virtually all of the world’s major religions have a form of creation narrative in which a supernatural, divine power formed the Earth and all life within it. The Christian Church, which for centuries dominated the Old World in its theocratic ways and even considered theories of progressive scientists such as Galileo Galilei (who, at the time, challenged the Church teaching that the Earth was at the centre of the Universe) to be heretical, has come a long way: in recent years, Vatican astronomer Fr. Gabriel Funes SJ stated that intelligent life forms created by God could exist in space. Even with such expectant comments from one of the world’s largest religions, many moral issues are surely associated with any eventual discovery of life beyond Earth and which might require reshuffling in current schools of thought limited by Kant’s deontological ethics. What rights would extraterrestrial beings have should these not possess any compatible linguistic capabilities through which they might communicate with us?

The original question cannot be fully explored with the limitations of this short essay but I can confidently draw one definite conclusion: rather than devote our efforts, financial and intellectual, in the hope of finding life on other planets, us humans ought to focus on safeguarding life on our planet: protecting the Earth’s finite resources and ensuring a better quality of life for ourselves and future generations. In failing to do so, we might be forced to emigrate to some other planet, be it fit for us or not, and optimistically happily cohabit with whatever life-form we find there!

A fistful of events

Thank God for the weekend! It is Saturday evening and I am still waking up from last night's sleep of almost 11 hours. You might, understandably, be saying that I sleep too much and agree with my former room-mate who always rebukes my plentiful sleeping by saying that sleeping is a waste of time since I can sleep when I am dead. True, especially when you have so much things to do: read books, write stuff, watch movies and wander around London (weather permitting). But this weekend I needed to catch up on sleep and rest badly after a series of days packed with events...

Two weeks ago, my better half paid me a visit from Malta. A brief, 3-day visit but, albeit being short-lived, it was planned only a few days in advance and I always think that spontaneous events like this are the best ones! The days before were characterised by the big freeze of early 2010 but that weekend was dominated by a combination of blue sky, sunshine and chilly weather - in my opinion, the best for outdoor activities around London. It is amazing that after almost 2 years of being in London, I still manage to find new places to visit and enjoy, partially because of my obsession with buildings and architecture but I would debate that by saying, "Isn't it true that what make a city, such as London, is nothing else but buildings?" In the short visit in the best of company, I managed to visit the magnificent Wembley Stadium, participate (or rather, be an observer) in a real Hindu prayer ceremony in the largest Hindu temple outside of India, enjoy magnificent night views of London from a height of 42 floors, wander around the eerie Highgate Cemetery and the compulsory visit to the South Bank area. Not to mention the abundance of food consumption, including a trip to my favourite China Town restaurant. All in all, it was a great weekend!

Shortly after, another Maltese friend paid me a visit, this time for 5 days. An architect like me with a similar obsession with buildings, we did not fail to tour around the capital's most notorious architectural gems - Docklands, the City, Liverpool Street, Broadgate, Moorgate and the Barbican - as well as long walks around the West End, Camden, Borough Market and one final walk all the way from Victoria to Earls Court along the Thames, via Stamford Bridge. I estimate that in less than 2 days, we walked more than the equivalent of Malta's length - that's an entire country! Honestly, I had been to all of these sites (to some, more than once actually), but I dare say that each time I visit these amazing sites, I am still struck with awe and wonder at the beauty, design and detail of these structures. If only I had been to London before I started my undergraduate degree - seeing all the top notch buildings LIVE! Needless to say, while my friend was here, we exchanged hours' worth of chit-chat, debates and gibberish talk and a couple of good food too; we are, after all, Maltese! My friend's visit came to a end and I was left with my second consecutive weekend of almost 24/7 activity with no "weekend bonus" sleep...

The rest of the week was then filled with further out-of-routine events for me. My supervisor's father funeral was a sad event which demanded me and my Imperial colleagues attending to. I will not bother going into the whole metaphysical discussion of my views towards death; will just say RIP Mr. Louca, Snr. The funeral was "only" just outside London, but required train journeys and walks to/from the church, which further accumulated my tiredness. The following day was a more exciting day for me: a visit to the DSTL facilities at Porton Down in Salisbury. The visit required strict admission verification and all that usual political crap; I could not even keep my mobile phone turned on while I was there and had to be escorted by authorised personnel even to visit the bathroom! I am bound by professional secrecy not to reveal much content but it was an exciting day indeed...and, after all was done and dusted, while I was waiting for the next London train, I took the opportunity to visit Salisbury Cathedral before the sun set: a serendipitous trip to a magnificent Gothic cathedral which has England's highest spire! The trip to Salisbury required almost 2 hours each way by train and, in addition to a long day of talks, discussions and presentations, I was utterly exhausted.

Finally, Friday arrived! Thank God it's Friday, more than ever! The day went by less painfully than I expected and the weekend started! A brief trip to the pub brought the week to an end and finally I could sleep, chill and do nothing! I am concluding here, partly because I am getting hungry and need to fetch some dinner and also because there is nothing else to narrate! I am sure that there will be even more eventful posts in the pipeline, so watch out!